Vanadium (V)
Vanadium (V, element 23) is a transition metal in group 5, period 4. Atomic mass 50.942, electron configuration [Ar] 3d³ 4s², uses and facts.
About Vanadium
Vanadium is a transition metal with the symbol V and atomic number 23. It is a solid at room temperature, and it sits in group 5, period 4 of the periodic table. Vanadium was discovered in 1801 by Andrés Manuel del Río.
Vanadium key facts
- Atomic number: 23
- Symbol: V
- Atomic mass: 50.942 u
- Category: transition metal
- Group: 5
- Period: 4
- State at room temperature: solid
- Electron configuration: [Ar] 3d³ 4s²
- Electronegativity (Pauling): 1.63
- Melting point: 2183 K (1909.85 °C)
- Boiling point: 3680 K (3406.85 °C)
- Density: 6.11 g/cm³
- Common oxidation states: −1, 0, +1, +2, +3, +4, +5
Electron configuration
The electron configuration of vanadium is [Ar] 3d³ 4s². The part in brackets is the noble gas core; the rest shows how the outer electrons fill their subshells.
Uses of vanadium
- Steel alloys
- Catalysts
- Batteries
Did you know?
Vanadium pentoxide is a key catalyst in the industrial production of sulfuric acid.
Other elements in group 5 and neighbours
Frequently asked questions
What is the atomic number of vanadium?
The atomic number of vanadium is 23, which means every vanadium atom has 23 protons.
What is the electron configuration of vanadium?
The electron configuration of vanadium is [Ar] 3d³ 4s².
What group and period is vanadium in?
Vanadium is a transition metal in group 5, period 4.
What state is vanadium at room temperature?
Vanadium is a solid at room temperature.
What is vanadium used for?
Vanadium is used for steel alloys, catalysts, batteries.