Boron (B)
Boron (B, element 5) is a metalloid in group 13, period 2. Atomic mass 10.811, electron configuration [He] 2s² 2p¹, uses and facts.
About Boron
Boron is a metalloid with the symbol B and atomic number 5. It is a solid at room temperature, and it sits in group 13, period 2 of the periodic table. Boron was discovered in 1808 by Humphry Davy.
Boron key facts
- Atomic number: 5
- Symbol: B
- Atomic mass: 10.811 u
- Category: metalloid
- Group: 13
- Period: 2
- State at room temperature: solid
- Electron configuration: [He] 2s² 2p¹
- Electronegativity (Pauling): 2.04
- Melting point: 2349 K (2075.85 °C)
- Boiling point: 4200 K (3926.85 °C)
- Density: 2.34 g/cm³
- Common oxidation states: +1, +2, +3
Electron configuration
The electron configuration of boron is [He] 2s² 2p¹. The part in brackets is the noble gas core; the rest shows how the outer electrons fill their subshells. Boron has 3 valence electrons.
Uses of boron
- Borosilicate glass
- Semiconductors
- Fertilizers
Did you know?
Boron compounds give fireworks their green color.
Other elements in group 13 and neighbours
Frequently asked questions
What is the atomic number of boron?
The atomic number of boron is 5, which means every boron atom has 5 protons.
What is the electron configuration of boron?
The electron configuration of boron is [He] 2s² 2p¹.
What group and period is boron in?
Boron is a metalloid in group 13, period 2.
What state is boron at room temperature?
Boron is a solid at room temperature.
What is boron used for?
Boron is used for borosilicate glass, semiconductors, fertilizers.